carbonate hardness of water

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• Carbonate hardness — is the measure of Calcium and Magnesium and other hard ions associated with carbonate (CO32 ) and bicarbonate (HCO3 ) ions contained in a solution, usually water. It is usually expressed either as parts per million (ppm or mg/L), or in degrees… …   Wikipedia

• carbonate hardness —    Hardness of water due to presence of dissolved bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium which can be removed by boiling and hence the term ‘temporary hardness.’    Synonyms: (French.) dureté temporaire; (German.) temporäre Härte, Carbonathärte;… …   Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology

• hardness — water with a high mineral content, the name deriving from the fact that it is hard to develop a lather for cleaning. The concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in water is expressed as p.p.m. or mg/l of calcium carbonate equivalents. Soft… …   Dictionary of ichthyology

• Water — This article is about general aspects of water. For a detailed discussion of its properties, see Properties of water. For other uses, see Water (disambiguation) …   Wikipedia

• Hardness — Hard ness, n. [AS. heardness.] 1. The quality or state of being hard, literally or figuratively. [1913 Webster] The habit of authority also had given his manners some peremptory hardness. Sir W. Scott. [1913 Webster] 2. (Min.) The cohesion of the …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

• Water purification — This article is about large scale, municipal water purification. For portable/emergency water purification, see portable water purification. For industrial water purification, see deionized water. For distilled water, see distilled water. Water… …   Wikipedia

• hard water — water that contains magnesium, calcium, or iron salts and therefore forms a soap lather with difficulty. * * * Water that contains mineral salts of calcium and magnesium, principally as bicarbonates, chlorides, and sulfates, and sometimes iron.… …   Universalium

• water hardness — the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in water expressed as p.p.m. or mg/l of calcium carbonate equivalents. Water hardness expressed in degrees of hardness. 0 4 is very soft, 5 8 soft, up to 30 which is extremely hard water. Note that… …   Dictionary of ichthyology

• hardness —    1. Property of water that prevents lathering because of the presence of cations, mainly calcium and magnesium, which form insoluble soaps [10].    2. The sum of calcium and magnesium ions expressed as the equivalent amount of calcium carbonate …   Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology

• Hard water — is the type of water that has high mineral content (in contrast with soft water ). Hard water minerals primarily consist of calcium (Ca2+), and magnesium (Mg2+) metal cations, and sometimes other dissolved compounds such as bicarbonates and… …   Wikipedia

• Calcium carbonate — Calcium carbonate …   Wikipedia